Abstract

Relevance. In modern education, much attention is paid to the development of critical thinking and cognitive skills of students, including the ability to spatial reasoning. This is important for the successful mastery of subjects, especially physics, where understanding of three-dimensional objects and phenomena is of key importance.

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to create a methodology for teaching physics with an emphasis on the development of students’ spatial imaginations. To test the effectiveness of the developed methodology, an experiment was conducted to assess the level of spatial imagination development of the participating students and to compare the results before and after the application of the methodology.

Methodology. One of the key methods developed by the study is the use of visualizations and three-dimensional models in the learning process.

Results. The main results of this study are related to the development of methodological recommendations for teaching physics based on the active development of students’ spatial imaginations. This allows students to better understand abstract physical concepts, such as the structure of an atom or vector operations, through visual images. The study also identified effective techniques for developing students’ spatial abilities. These include the inclusion of three-dimensional puzzle elements in assignments or solving problems involving the construction of spatial models, which helps students to better understand the geometric relationships and interactions of bodies in space. In addition, the importance of using interactive teaching methods, such as conducting virtual experiments or discussing three-dimensional simulations, was identified as contributing to a deeper understanding of the material.

Conclusions. The practical significance of this study is to provide a specific methodology for physics teachers, which will optimize the learning process, increase students’ understanding of the theory and develop their spatial imagination more effectively.

Keywords: educational process; cognitive skills; data visualization; interactive learning; conceptualization

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